Reindeer Migration in Norway 2025

Reindeer winter migration from Norway to Finland is the unique chance to observe nearly 3,500 Santa's helpers racing across the frozen Scandinavian plains accompanied by Sami herders the whole way.

Reindeer Journey

The reindeer, raised by the indigenous Sami herders across northern Europe, are semi-nomadic animals that migrate over vast distances between their winter and summer grazing areas. The summer grazing areas for the Karasjok Sami are located on Magerøya, the island home to the North Cape. The migration can involve climbing mountains, swimming between glaciers, and crossing fjords. The animals resemble flocks of birds if you watch them from the height. Besides, the landscapes are truly breathtaking, as the clouds turn pink at -15 to -20 °C. The sunset breaks after a strenuous long trip is mesmerizing.

Winter Season

The herds have migrated inland from the coast to their wintering grounds, but winter is the season most impacted by climate conditions. Snow plays a crucial role in determining where the herd will spend the winter, and the herder must always be ready with alternative plans. Reindeer rely on lichen, which lies beneath the snow, for sustenance. Varying snow conditions can make it easier or more difficult for the reindeer to access this vital food source. If the snow becomes too thick or hard, the herder may need to relocate the herd to another area.

More About Sami Herders

Reindeer herding in Norway primarily occurs in Finnmark, where Sami families follow traditional migration routes across communal land. Though each family has its pastures, they may share areas during tough conditions. Herding is a family effort, with responsibilities shared equally among men, women, and children, who learn the tradition through participation. Sami nomads live in portable tents called laavus and migrate with the help of draft reindeer and sleds, using skis in winter.

Best Time to Witness

The reindeer migration from Norway to Finland can be best witnessed from January to February. It is characterized by extremely low temperatures of -15°C to -20°C. There is an opportunity to join special tours for a reindeer migration path. For instance, you can choose a tour operator in Karasjok who works with several reindeer-herding families, which you can join on this adventure. If you do decide to witness such an amazing journey, remember to be prepared for the rough weather conditions and enjoy an unforgettable lifetime experience.